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View all items in: Personal Finance Content > Retirement > IRAs
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Question/Topic
What is a Roth IRA? Who can contribute and what are the limits?
Answer/Article

Terms of Use:

The purpose of a Roth IRA is to put away money for retirement.  To be a Roth IRA, the account or annuity must be designated as a Roth IRA when it is set up. A deemed IRA can be a Roth IRA, but neither a SEP IRA nor a SIMPLE IRA can be designated as a Roth IRA.

Unlike the Traditional IRA, contributions to the Roth IRA are not tax-deductible. However, any income generated grows tax-free in a Roth IRA.

After funds have been in a Roth IRA for five years, you can make tax-free withdrawals after age 59-1/2.  Early withdrawals, or distributions, from a Roth IRA are normally subject to a 10% additional tax penalty. Funds may be withdrawn without penalty for certain circumstances such as the purchase of a first home, pay for higher education, or for disabilities. With a Traditional IRA, an individual must make mandatory withdrawals after reaching age 70-1/2. With a Roth IRA, you don't have to make mandatory withdrawals.

If you satisfy the requirements, qualified distributions are tax free. Contributions can be made to your Roth IRA after you reach age 70½ and you can leave amounts in your Roth IRA as long as you live.

Who's Eligible:
Generally, you can contribute to a Roth IRA if you have taxable compensation and your modified adjusted gross income (AGI) is less than:

$176,000 for married filing jointly or qualifying widow(er) in 2009 or $177,000 in 2010

$120,000 for single, head of household, or married filing separately and you did not live with your spouse at any time during the year, and

$10,000 for married filing separately and you lived with your spouse at any time during the year.  

Age:
There is no age limitation for Roth IRA contributions. Unlike Traditional IRAs, you can be any age and still qualify to contribute to a Roth IRA.

Contributions to Spousal Roth IRA:
You can make contributions to a Roth IRA for your spouse provided you meet the income requirements.

When to Make Contributions?
Contributions to a Roth IRA can be made at any time during the year or by the due date of your return for that year (not including extensions).

For complete information and definitions of terms, get Publication 590 “Individual Retirement Arrangements” at http://www.irs.gov/publications/p590/index.html


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KBID 492
Date Modified 2/5/2010
Date Created 7/12/2005
All information provided through this site is intended to be accurate. However, there may be inaccuracies from time to time which we will make every attempt to correct immediately. Information provided is intended to assist you in making decisions and does not eliminate the need to discuss your particular circumstances with a qualified professional.
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