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An executor is the person legally responsible for settling a deceased person's estate. You are a fiduciary, meaning you are legally obligated to act in the best interests of the deceased and follow the instructions expressed in their will. If the process feels overwhelming, you can hire professional help—such as an attorney for probate or an accountant for taxes—with fees typically paid by the estate.

Who Can Be an Executor?

Generally, any U.S. citizen over the age of 18 who has not been convicted of a felony can serve. While some appoint lawyers or financial consultants for their expertise, many choose a spouse, adult child, or trusted friend. Family members often waive the executor’s fee to ensure the estate is settled smoothly and assets remain within the family.

Core Responsibilities

  • Initiate Probate: File the original signed will and a certified death certificate with the local probate court (check your county’s court website for digital forms). This proves the will's authenticity and confirms your legal authority.
  • Notify Parties: You must formally alert all beneficiaries and known creditors that you have applied to process the will.
  • Manage Assets: Inventory, appraise, and protect property. In 2026, this includes managing digital assets like online accounts, cryptocurrency, and subscriptions.
  • Settle Obligations: Use estate funds to pay valid debts, funeral expenses, and taxes. This includes the deceased’s final income tax and any state or federal estate taxes.
  • Distribute & Close: Once all claims are settled, distribute the remaining assets to beneficiaries. Your final step is to provide the court with evidence of distribution (signed receipts) to be released from further responsibility.

Costs and Compensation

Executors are typically entitled to a fee, which may be specified in the will or determined by state law. Additionally, you are entitled to be reimbursed from the estate for all reasonable expenses incurred during the process, such as travel costs, court fees, and professional consultations.

Executor’s Checklist

[ ] Locate the Will: Find the original document (not a copy).

[ ] Obtain Letters Testamentary: Your legal proof of authority from the court.

[ ] Secure Property: Change locks or secure valuables immediately.

[ ] Notify Agencies: Contact Social Security, the USPS, and the DMV.

[ ] Open an Estate Bank Account: Keep estate funds strictly separate from your own.

[ ] Inventory & Appraise: List all real estate, investments, jewelry, and digital holdings.

[ ] File Tax Returns: Ensure the final Form 1040 and any required estate tax forms are filed.

[ ] Distribute & Receipt: Transfer assets to beneficiaries and obtain signed receipts.

[ ] Final Accounting: File papers with the court to formally close the estate.