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The Fair Housing Act prohibits discrimination in housing sales or loans on the basis of race, religion, color, national origin, sex, familial status (having children under the age of 18), or handicap.

The Equal Credit Opportunity Act prohibits discrimination in any aspect of a credit transaction on the basis of race, religion, age, color, national origin, receipt of public assistance funds, sex, marital status, or the exercise of any right under the Consumer Credit Protection Act.

Federal law protects every homebuyer looking for a mortgage loan against discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, marital status, age, receipt of public assistance funds, familial status (having children under the age of 18), handicap, or exercising your rights under other consumer credit protection laws. Lenders may not take any of these factors into account in their dealings with you.

For instance, lenders may not discourage you because of your race or national origin from applying for a mortgage loan. Whatever your color, they must offer you the same credit terms as other applicants with similar loan requests. They may not treat your application differently because of your sex or marital status or familial status. In short, they are barred from taking into account any of the factors listed here in their dealings with applicants or with potential applicants. They should:

  • Willingly give you an application and other information you need on how to apply for a loan

  • Willingly discuss with you the various mortgage loans they offer and give you an idea whether you can qualify for them

  • Diligently act to make a decision--without undue delay--once you provide all the information asked for (including, for example, written evidence of how much you make or how much you have in savings), and once they receive other paperwork required for processing the application (such as a property appraisal)

  • Not be influenced by the racial or ethnic composition of the neighborhood where the home you want to buy is located.

If you apply for a mortgage and are turned down, remember that not all institutions have the same lending standards. Shop around for another lender. But if the way you were treated suggests the possibility of unlawful discrimination, you might talk to:

Private fair housing groups
Often these groups can walk you through the mortgage process. They can also help you understand whether your experience suggests that the lender is discriminating unlawfully, and can help you decide whether to file a complaint.

Human rights agencies
These are government agencies set up by a city, county, or state government to deal with discrimination.

Attorneys
They can advise you whether the treatment you received gives you legal grounds for bringing a lawsuit against the lender. They can tell you about monetary damages and other types of relief available to individuals who can prove that illegal discrimination occurred.

Federal or state enforcement agencies
They can check the activities of mortgage lenders to make sure they complied with the laws against lending discrimination. When you write, include your name and address; name and address of the lending institution you are complaining about; address of the house involved; and a short description and the date of the alleged violation.

Directory of Federal Agencies
The Department of Housing & Urban Development (HUD) has primary responsibility for implementing the Fair Housing Act.
  Office of Fair Housing & Equal Opportunity
Dept. of Housing and Urban Development
Washington, DC 20410-2000
1-800-424-8590

www.hud.gov/complaints/housediscrim.cfm

Other federal agencies monitor compliance by particular types of lenders.
  National Banks

Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
Customer Assistance Unit
1301 McKinney St.
Suite 3710
Houston, TX 77010
(800) 613-6743

www.occ.treas.gov
 
State Member Banks of the Federal Reserve System

Division of Consumer and Community Affairs
Mail Stop 801
Federal Reserve Board
Washington, DC 20551
(202) 452-3693

www.federalreserve.gov
  Non-member Federally Insured State Banks

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Office of Compliance and Consumer Affairs
550 17th Street, N.W.
Room PA-1730, 7th Floor
Washington, DC 20429
(202) 942-3100 or
(800) 934-FDIC (934-3342)

www.fdic.gov
Federal Credit Unions

National Credit Union Administration
Office of Public and Congressional Affairs
1775 Duke St.
Alexandria, VA 22314
(703) 518-6330

www.ncua.gov
  Department of Justice

Department of Justice
Civil Division
Washington, DC 20530
(202) 514-3301

www.usdoj.gov

 
Other Lenders

Federal Trade Commission
Consumer Response Center
600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, DC 20580
(202) 326-3758 or
(877) FTC-HELP, toll free (877-382-4357)

www.ftc.gov